Focalin and FocalinXR are methylphenidate hydrochloride (MPH) compounds and are registered trade marks of Novartis Pharmaceuticals. Focalin is different from the other compounds in that it is made of just one part MPH and leaves out another part that is inactive and may contribute to side effects. In substances like Ritalin medicines are made of two isomers or forms of the compound; Focalin uses only one of these isomers, allowing the person to use a lower dose of the medicine. However, a 2004 study in the Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry concluded that Focalin is as effective and safe as Ritalin but did not show it had superiority in efficacy or safety.

FocalinXR is a once-a-day treatment for ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. Taken in the morning, it is an effective treatment that starts working quickly and lasts throughout the day. It is available in four strengths: 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-mg capsules.

Like other MPH preparations, Focalin should not be used if the person has significant anxiety, tension, or agitation, allergies to MPH, glaucoma, tics, Tourette's syndrome, or a family history of Tourette's syndrome. The person should not take a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) for 14 days before or 14 days after using Focalin.

The doctor should be informed if there are past or current heart abnormalities or if there is a family history of such conditions. If the person has depression or bipolar disorder or if a family member has a history of psychotic illnesses including suicide, that individual should not take a stimulant drug. Patients with a history of seizures should not take stimulants. Just like other stimulants, abuse of FocalinXR can lead to dependence.

Bibliography:

Wigal, S. 2004. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of dexmethyphenicate HCl and d, l-ThreoMPH HCl in children with ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry 43(11):1406-14.

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