Vyvanse, or lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (CII), is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant prescription medicine used for the treatment of ADHD. Vyvanse may help increase attention and decrease impulsiveness and hyperactivity in patients with ADHD. Vyvanse should be taken as part of a total treatment program for ADHD that may include counseling or other therapies.

Vyvanse comes in three different strengths and should be taken exactly as prescribed: once a day in the morning with or without food. This medication is a federally controlled substance (CII) because it can be abused or lead to dependence. Selling or giving away Vyvanse may cause harm to other and is against the law.

As a stimulant medication, it is important to know there are two major risks associated with Vyvanse:

1. Heart-related problems such as sudden death in patients who have heart problems or heart defects, stroke and heart attack in adults, and increased blood pressure and heart rate.

2. Mental or psychiatric problems. Note in all patients if there are new or worse behavior and thought problems, new or worse bipolar illness, or new or worse aggressive behavior or hostility. If children and teenagers experience new psychotic symptoms such as hearing voices, believing things that are not true or suspicions, or if there are new manic symptoms.

Vyvanse should not be taken if you or your child has the following symptoms:

- Have heart disease or hardening of the arteries

- Have moderate to severe high blood pressure

- Have hyperthyroidism

- Have glaucoma, an eye condition

- Are anxious, tense, or agitated

- Have a history of drug abuse

- Are taking or have taken within the past 14 days an antidepression medicine that is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)

- Is sensitive or allergic to or had a reaction to other stimulant medicine

- Has tics or Tourette's syndrome

- Has liver or kidney problems

- Has a history of seizures or abnormal brain wave tests (EEG)

Possible side effects of Vyvanse include the following:

- Slowing of growth both height and weight in children

- Seizures, mainly in patients with a history of seizures

- Eyesight changes or blurred vision

- Upper belly pain

- Dizziness

- Irritability

- Nausea

- Decreased appetite

- Dry mouth

- Trouble sleeping

- Vomiting

- Affecting the person's ability to drive or do other dangerous activities

Vyvanse should be stored in a safe place at room temperature and be protected from light. Sometimes medications are prescribed for purposes other than those listed. However, Vyvanse should not be given to other people even with the same condition; it may harm them, and it is against the law.

The FDA approved Vyvanse for children ages 6 to 12 in July 2007 and for use with adults on April 24, 2008. In the double-blind, placebo-driven trial with 414 adults that led to the FDA approval of Vyvanse, people with ADHD experienced significant improvements in ADHD symptom control within 1 week of treatment with once-daily Vyvanse. Treatment with Vyvanse at all doses, 30, 50, and 70 mg, was significantly more effective that placebo, resulting in a reduction in the score on the ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS-IV), which is based on the 18 items provided in the DSMIV-TR manual.

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