Operation Husky was the code name for the Allied invasion of Sicily from North Africa, following the successful completion of the North African campaign. The operation grew out of a decision made at the Casablanca Conference in January 1943.

Overall command of the invasion was the responsibility of General Dwight D. Eisenhower, with operational command under British general Harold Alexander, heading the newly created Fifteenth Army Group, which consisted of the Eighth British Army (Bernard Law Montgomery) and the U.S. I Armored Corps (George S. Patton Jr.), which, after landing on Sicily, was redesignated the Seventh U.S. Army. The Fifteenth Army Group fielded a total of eight divisions, including airborne, commando, and Ranger units. Naval support was under the command of British admiral Andrew Cunningham and air support under British air marshal Arthur Tedder.

Planning Operation Husky was hampered by inter-Allied squabbling, despite Eisenhower's best efforts to compel the British and American planners to work together harmoniously. As originally conceived, Husky had Montgomery and Patton landing on opposite sides of the island with the object of making a large-scale pincer attack. Fearing this would fatally divide the invading forces, however, Montgomery insisted on changing the plan, so that Patton's Seventh U.S. Army was to do no more than protect the coastwise advance of Montgomery's Eighth British Army to Messina, stepping-off place to mainland Italy. As the campaign played out, however, Montgomery became bogged down, leaving Patton to make the spectacular advance that took both Palermo (the Sicilian capital) and Messina and that proclaimed to the British, the Germans, and the rest of the world that the U.S. Army was a force to be reckoned with. . .

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