Carl Benz, the "father of the automobile," designed his gasoline-powered two-stroke piston engine in 1878 and focused on developing a motorized vehicle while working as a designer and manufacturer of stationary engines. In 1885, Benz designed and built the first commercial automobile in history, the Benz Patent Motorwagen. It was awarded a German patent on July 3, 1886. Benz's motorcar was the first automobile designed to generate its own power. It was a three-wheeled vehicle with a rear-mounted engine, and power transmitted by means of two roller chains to the rear axle. The first successful tests of the motorcar were carried out in the early summer of 1886. His Model 3 had two horsepower; its maximum speed was approximately ten miles per hour.

A Parisian bicycle manufacturer and engineer by the name of Emile Roger purchased an 1888 Benz and decided to add the automobiles to the line he carried in Paris. Roger became a key sales partner for Benz. The early 1888 version of the motorcar had to be pushed when driving up a steep hill, but this limitation was rectified after Bertha Benz made her famous trip driving one of the prototypes. She suggested to her husband the addition of a low gear for hills.

On August 5, 1888, Bertha began the first long-distance automobile trip to demonstrate the reliability of her husband's motorcar. Bringing along her teenage sons Eugen and Richard, she drove from Mannheim through Heidelberg, Wiesloch, and Durlach, to Pforzheim, where she sent a telegram to her husband notifying him of their arrival. The trip covered 180 kilometers (112 miles). About twenty-five motorcars were built between 1886 and 1893. By the end of 1892, almost a dozen had been sold, and more were on order. At the turn of the twentieth century, Benz produced more than two thousand motorcars. . .

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